Hydroelectric power plants constitute an essential pillar of energy development in Africa. These infrastructures, which harness the power of rivers to generate electricity, represent a sustainable solution to the continent's energy challenges. They not only reduce dependence on fossil fuels, but also make use of abundant natural resources while creating local jobs. Hydroelectricity production also contributes to the stability of electricity networks and supports the industrialization of the regions served.
A historic decision for energy autonomy
The Democratic Republic of Congo (RDC) has just made a major decision regarding the Grand Katende hydroelectric power station. The Congolese government announced, during the Council of Ministers on December 20, that it will alone finance this large-scale project estimated at $280 million. This initiative follows the lack of response from India's Exim Bank regarding the release of promised funds, despite the June 2023 announcement of a $180 million credit line.
A phased development strategy
The new financing plan adopted by Kinshasa provides for a progressive approach in three stages. The first phase, lasting 24 months, will make it possible to generate 16 megawatts to power the towns of Kananga, Mbuji-Mayi and Tshimbulu. The next two phases will increase production capacity by an additional 32 and then 16 megawatts, to reach a total power of 64 megawatts. The Ministry of Finance has developed an innovative mechanism where the revenue generated by each phase will be used to finance subsequent stages, while integrating grace periods for debt.
Technical and logistical challenges to overcome
The resumption of the construction site requires meeting several major challenges. The work, initially supervised by the Indian company LPCChad been interrupted in 2015 by decision of New Delhi. An audit carried out in 2021 found that only 55% of the civil works were completed. In addition, although 75% of the electrical equipment has been acquired, its current state raises concerns. Some of the equipment, scattered in different cities, suffered damage or theft of components. The project also provides for the installation of a 130-kilometer power line connecting That one has Goat-Mayias well as a 30 kilometer connection between Kananga and Bukonde.
This project will considerably transform the Kasai region. The plant will create thousands of jobs during construction and boost the local economy with a reliable electricity supply. Although no date has been communicated for the effective resumption of work, this initiative demonstrates the DRC's desire to take charge of its energy development, despite the obstacles encountered since the initial launch of the project in 1960.
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