A new source of concern in China and around the world
The HMPV virus
In the middle of the winter season, a new respiratory virus is worrying Chinese health authorities and attracting international attention: human metapneumovirus (HMPV). This virus, still little known to the general public, causes respiratory infections which can range from a simple cold to serious complications such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia.
An increase in cases in China
Currently, China is facing an increase in cases of respiratory diseases and HMPV appears to play an important role. Although less publicized than viruses like the flu or Covid-19, HMPV is of particular concern to vulnerable groups: young children, the elderly and immunocompromised people. Hospitals in some regions are reporting a significant increase in admissions related to serious respiratory conditions, a notable percentage of which are attributed to HMPV.
What is HMPV?
Discovered in 2001, the human metapneumovirus belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family, like the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It is transmitted by respiratory droplets, by direct contact with an infected person or by contaminated surfaces.
Symptoms and complications
HMPV causes symptoms similar to a cold: cough, fever, stuffy nose, and sore throat. However, in fragile people, it can lead to serious forms, with significant breathing difficulties requiring hospitalization or even respiratory assistance.
A threat to health systems
China, where epidemic waves follow one another in a post-pandemic context, is worried about the pressure exerted by this virus on its hospital structures. Pediatrics is particularly in demand, reminiscent of the waves of bronchiolitis caused by RSV in other countries.
No specific treatment, but crucial prevention
To date, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. Care is essentially symptomatic: hydration, fever management and, in severe cases, oxygen therapy. In the absence of a vaccine, prevention remains essential. Experts recommend:
Rigorous hygiene: frequent hand washing.
Disinfection of frequently touched surfaces.
Limit contact with symptomatic people.
A threat to watch out for
As the world has learned to monitor viral outbreaks after Covid-19, HMPV reminds us that new health challenges are constantly emerging. Experts call for international vigilance in the face of this resurgence in China and emphasize the importance of global cooperation to better understand this virus and limit its impacts.
This new episode of infections also reminds us of the importance of strengthening health systems to respond to increasingly frequent health crises in an interconnected world.
Hamid Sahnoun
