An outbreak of Rift Valley fever affects Ngaoundaye in Central Africa, with five confirmed cases and one death. This new epidemic episode rekindles the debate on the flaws in the health system and the urgency of a coordinated response.
Since the end of 2024, a new health threat has worried the inhabitants of Ngaoundaye, in the northwest of the Central African Republic. Rift Valley Fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease transmitted by mosquitoes or contact with infected animals, is reappearing in this region. Five confirmed cases, including one death, were recorded between December 23, 2024 and January 8, 2025, according to the Minister of Health, Dr Pierre Somsé. While vigilance is required, this epidemic outbreak rekindles debates on the shortcomings of the health system and the means to prevent such crises.
A recurring illness with serious consequences
Rift Valley fever is not the first appearance in the Central African Republic. Similar epidemics had already affected the localities of Boali in 2019 and other regions in 2022. The disease, caused by a virus transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes or by direct contact with the blood or organs of contaminated animals , presents a major risk to public health. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle pain and, in severe cases, bleeding which can lead to death.
The contamination of domestic animals, such as oxen, sheep and donkeys, accentuates the scale of the crisis. The economic consequences are also evident, with losses on livestock farms and restrictions on animal movements.
The mobilization of health authorities
Faced with this alarming situation, the Central African government quickly implemented control and prevention measures. Epidemiological surveillance teams have been deployed in the Ngaoundaye health district to identify suspected cases and contain the spread of the virus. The Minister of Health recalled the essential rules: protect yourself from mosquito bites, avoid contact with sick animals, and consult a doctor quickly in the event of symptoms.
At the same time, awareness campaigns have been launched to encourage breeders to vaccinate their herds and respect hygiene standards. Animal vaccination constitutes one of the main barriers against the epidemic.
A long-term struggle
This resurgence of Rift Valley fever highlights the weaknesses of the Central African health system. Inadequate infrastructure, difficulty accessing remote areas and lack of financial resources complicate prevention and response efforts.
However, this crisis also offers an opportunity to strengthen epidemiological surveillance systems and invest in long-term strategies. Collaboration with international organizations and research institutes, such as the Pasteur Institute in Bangui, is crucial to developing solutions adapted to local realities.
A call for solidarity
Rift Valley fever does not only concern the Central African Republic. Neighboring countries must be ready to act in the event of a spread. A coordinated regional approach is essential to prevent future outbreaks.
The situation in Ngaoundaye is a poignant reminder that public health is a collective responsibility. By raising awareness, vaccinating and respecting prevention measures, it is possible to limit the impact of this epidemic and prevent it from turning into a national crisis.
