A major study quantifies the global assessment of phthalates derived from plastic on cardiovascular Health, revealing that the chemical exposure of daily plastics can in silence heart disease in developing regions.
Study: Exposure to phthalates of plastics and cardiovascular diseases: global estimates of attributable mortality and years of lost life. Image credit: Shutterstock Ai Generator / Shutterstock.com
A recent study published in the journal ebiomedicine Survey on cardiovascular mortality attributable to phthalate worldwide.
What are phthalates?
Since 1960, MCV deaths have decreased by 60% following generalized efforts to treat various risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, unhealthy diet, high cholesterol, air pollution, smoking, exposure to used smoke and exposure to heavy metals. Despite this drop, the MCV remains a global threat to health that leads to premature and avoidable deaths.
In 2019, more than 17 million deaths were caused by MCVs, which could be attributed to an aging population, emerging environmental risks and metabolic dysfunction. For example, increased exposure to plastic polymers and their chemical additives increases the risk of developing MCV.
DI-2-ethylhexyphtaplate (DEHP) is a class of phthalates commonly used to soften polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC). Epidemiological and mechanism -based studies have established the role of phthalates, which have been characterized as antiandrogens and oxidative stressors, in unwanted cardiovascular results.
Exposure to phthalates and their chemical derivatives leads to an increased expression of receptors activated by the peroxysome-proliferator, which are crucial for the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. Previous studies have reported that exposure to these chemicals increases the risk of diabetes, atherosclerosis, weight gain and mortality by MCV.
Humans are exposed to micro and nano-plastic (MNP) through several different routes. In addition, a recent study has revealed that MNPs can also accumulate phthalates and other chemicals, which can increase the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction and death.
About the study
In February 2022, taking into account the harmful effects of plastic pollution, the United Nations Environmental Assembly announced its intention to negotiate a legally international liaison instrument to end plastic pollution.
To support these negotiations, the researchers of this study used existing data on exposure to phthalates to develop a global model for the disease of the disease which considers the specific charge in the mortality of MCV linked to the DEHP. All countries recognized by the world Bank have been taken into account for the analysis.
This study used the 2018 World Bank population data for individuals between 55 and 64 years old. Cardiovascular mortality rates for each country have been obtained from the Institute of Metrics and Health Evaluation (IHME).
Four DEHP metabolites, including mono phthalate (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) (Meohp), phthalate phthalate (MeHP), mono (2-ethylhexyl) (MEHP) (MECPP) and Mono (MEHP) were phydroxylates. A mixed effect regression model has evaluated phthalate metabolite concentrations over time.
Study results
A total of 3,56,238 deaths due to exposure to the DEHP were recorded, 98% of which were allocated to plastics. About 13.4% of all MCV deaths worldwide in 2018 were awarded to the MEHP, Mehhp, Meohp and Mecpp exhibition.
Sensitivity analyzes have highlighted the mortality range attributable by DEHP between 356,238 and 356,602 deaths. Compared, between 349,1133 and 349,469 deaths were allocated to production, consumption and plastic waste in 2008.
The 2018 data indicated a wide variance in exposure to DEHP in different world regions. Consequently, the effects of exposure to the metabolite of DEHP on the results of MCVs were experienced in a disproportionate manner by the countries of the Pacific, Eastern Asia, South and Middle East Asia.
Compared to other countries, the countries of the Middle East and South Asia have declared a higher exposure to DEHP metabolites, in particular the MeHP and the MEHHP, at an average concentration of 19.460 μmol / L and 46.107 μmol / L, respectively. Compared, Europe has undergone the lowest exposure of DEHP, with 3.243 μmol / L and 18.413 μmol / L concentrations, respectively.
The highest disparity in exposure between different centiles of the population was observed in Africa and the United States. For example, the highest MECPP concentration of 65.452 μmol / L was reported in African regions.
About 73.1% of all world deaths from DEHP in 2018 occurred in Asia. South Asia and the Middle East have experienced the highest mortality due to the MCV attributed to exposure to DEHP, followed by Latin America, East Asia, Pacific, Canada, Australia and Africa.
Conclusions
Exposure to phthalates varied considerably between global regions; However, this plastic contaminant was found omnipresent and contributed to the mortality of MCV in each region.
Overall, the highest exposure charge of the four METABOLITES in the DEHP was reported in the Middle East, South Asia and Africa, while Europe had the lowest exposure levels. Compared to high -income countries, low middle and intermediate income countries are experiencing CV deaths awarded by higher DEHP.
These results highlight the critical need for improved regulatory measures and international cooperation to mitigate phthalate health impacts, in particular in regions characterized by high levels of industrialization and plastic consumption. »»
