The HMPVfirst detected in 2001 but likely present for several decades, is receiving increased attention due to a rise in cases in China. This respiratory virus, whose symptoms resemble those of a cold or flu, can cause more serious complications such as bronchitis or pneumonia, especially in certain populations at risk.
While the Chine is experiencing an increase in cases, particularly among those under 14, health authorities are seeking to reassure. The Chinese CDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention), through Kan Biaoassures that the total number of cases of respiratory diseases in 2024 is expected to remain lower than that of the previous year, despite the simultaneous circulation of several respiratory viruses.
Transmission similar to other respiratory viruses
The HMPV is transmitted mainly through respiratory secretions during coughing and sneezing, as well as by direct or indirect contact with contaminated surfaces. Its incubation period is three to six days, and its activity is particularly marked in late winter and spring in temperate climates.
Young children under five and people over 65 are the most vulnerable, particularly because of their immune systems. While a first infection is generally the most severe, partial immunity develops thereafter, providing some protection during subsequent exposures.
A reinforced surveillance system
To deal with this situation, the Chine set up a pilot surveillance system for pneumonia of unknown origin, demonstrating better preparation than five years ago during the appearance of Covid-19. This initiative is part of a preventive approach, as the country anticipates an increase in cases of respiratory diseases during the winter period.
