Weight loss is frequently presented as a major concern in the media and on social networks, but what therapeutic approaches are really relevant for people experiencing obesity?
By Laurent Feneau, published on May 9, 2024
All the scientific and clinical data currently available emphasize that, to be effective, the management of obesity must be multidisciplinary and take into account the context and environment specific to each person. In terms of medications, a first generation treatment, orlistat, has long been prescribed to patients suffering from obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m²). This molecule works by blocking the action of an enzyme which allows the absorption of fats. However, although a reduction in the risk of diabetes has been observed, its effectiveness remains quite limited.
In recent years, further therapeutic advances have materialized through the development of a new class of drugs generally containing either liraglutide or semaglutide. These two GLP-1 analog molecules have the effect of increasing the feeling of satiety, and therefore allowing people to better control their food intake.
Did you say “appetite suppressant”?
In the media, GLP-1 analogues are often referred to as “appetite suppressants”. A term that some doctors consider to be inappropriate. In fact, these medications regulate the appetite and increase the feeling of satiety. Result: the desire to eat is no longer a central and permanent concern, and patients regain control of their appetite, without any feeling of hunger disappearing.
One thing is certain: if these drugs can lead to significant weight loss, no “miracle” molecule will be able to put an end to obesity on its own. Let us remember that obesity is a global public health problem for which it is necessary to continue to offer comprehensive, interdisciplinary care adapted to the specific problems of each individual.
