Outgoing President Kais Saied, accused by civil society of “authoritarian drift”, was re-elected by an overwhelming majority of 90.7% in Tunisia, during a Sunday vote “locked” in advance and marked by a record of abstention.
Mr. Saied obtained the votes of just over 2.4 million voters out of 9.7 million registered, the electoral authority Isie announced on Monday.
The participation rate stood at 28.8%, the lowest since the advent of democracy in 2011 in the North African country of 12 million inhabitants, cradle of the Arab Spring, after the overthrow of the dictator Ben Ali.
The vote was “locked” for a “hands down” victory for Mr. Saied, predicted expert Michaël Ayari of the International Crisis Group.
Only two competitors – runners-up – were allowed to present themselves out of 17 initially, after the elimination of Mr. Saied’s strongest rivals.
Ayachi Zammel, a liberal industrialist, 47, received only 7.35% of the vote and Zouhair Maghzaoui, a former member of the pan-Arab left, obtained only 1.97%.
Mounir, 65, a resident of Tunis, who enthusiastically voted for Mr Saied, summed up Tunisians’ main expectations: “lower prices, a good education and health system, and security.”
Conversely, Houcine, 63, did not vote: “I no longer have confidence and I am desperate”.
Mr. Saied, 66, “retains his electoral base”, Tunisian analyst Hatem Nafti underlined to AFP, even if he lost more than 300,000 votes compared to 2019, when this constitutional law teacher, novice in politics, became president to everyone’s surprise with 73% of the vote and a participation of 58%.
After the broadcast on Sunday evening of estimates giving him largely victorious, several hundred of his supporters came down to cheer him on the main avenue of Tunis, with horns and patriotic songs.
But young people who were very mobilized five years ago deserted the polls, with 6% of voters in the age group between 18 and 35, according to figures given on Sunday by Isie, compared to a participation of 65%. among 36-60 year olds.
– “Legitimacy tainted” –
“The legitimacy of the election is tainted,” said Mr. Nafti, stressing that “candidates who could overshadow Mr. Saied were systematically excluded.”
The submission of applications was akin to an obstacle course with a high number of sponsorships required, the imprisonment of known potential candidates, and the ousting by Isie of competitors truly dangerous for Mr. Saied.
Tunisian and foreign NGOs denounced an Isie “having lost its independence” and a process “distorted in favor of Mr. Saied”.
The European Union said it had “taken note” of the criticisms from various NGOs and opponents “concerning the integrity of the electoral process” and “various measures deemed prejudicial to the democratic requirements of credibility” of the election.
Mr. Zammel has been unable to campaign because he has been imprisoned since the beginning of September and has already been sentenced three times to more than 14 years in prison for alleged sponsorship falsifications.
Mr. Maghzaoui, aligned with the sovereignist ideology of Mr. Saied, was penalized by his support for the president’s coup in July 2021 when he seized full powers to, he said, restore the order.
The operation was widely applauded by a population tired of parliamentary bickering and economic difficulties, of which Mr. Saied accused “corrupt politicians” financed by “foreign powers”, having dominated the decade of democracy, especially targeting the Islam movement. -conservative Ennahdha.
But instead of reviving growth to combat endemic unemployment which is fueling emigration flows towards Europe, the president has devoted his energy, according to the opposition and NGOs, to repressing civil society in an “authoritarian drift.” “.
Since the spring of 2023, more than twenty opponents, including Ennahdha leader Rached Ghannouchi and the nostalgic passionnaria of the Ben Ali era, Abir Moussi, have been imprisoned.
In recent months, trade unionists, lawyers, political columnists and defenders of migrant rights have also found themselves in prison.
Hatem Nafti fears a new hardening of power after “the coronation of Mr. Saied” who took up his favorite slogans on Sunday, announcing in a martial tone, wanting to “continue the 2011 Revolution” to build “a country cleansed of corrupt people and conspiracies “.
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