what we know about HMPV

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV), recently reported in China, is causing concern despite the lack of official confirmation.

Tim Kröplin / watson.de

The human metapneumovirus (HMPV), little known until now, is currently raging in China. Although press articles and social media posts suggest this spread, no official confirmation has been given so far. The Chinese government remains discreet on this subject for the moment.

In contrast, reports from the Chinese Center for Disease Control indicate that the number of cases of flu-like illnesses increased further until the end of last week, according to Newsweek.

The comparison with the Covid-19 pandemic is obvious, especially since it is not that long ago. But we must reassure ourselves immediately: it is not appropriate.

You only need to take a look at the main questions to see this. ????

What is human metapneumovirus?

Researchers discovered HMPV as early as 2001. It was already clear at the time that it belonged to the same family as the respiratory syncytial virus and, like it, caused symptoms similar to those of the flu. People with weaker immune systems, such as seniors and young children, are particularly vulnerable.

Since 2001, screening tests for certain viruses in people with flu symptoms have increased. The researchers were thus able to identify the HMPV virus as a cause of respiratory diseases and track changes dependent on the spread.

Unlike SARS-Cov-2, it does not come from the animal kingdompathogens therefore do not move from one species to another. A large part of the population has basic immunization, because they have been in contact with the pathogen since childhood.

Is the virus widespread in China?

Not really, although available data indicates an increase in HMPV infections. For example, reports from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention show that flu cases have increased recently.

Last week, 30.2% of tests related to influenza-like illnesses came back positive, an increase compared to the previous week. Of these cases, HMPV is responsible for 6.2%, surpassing other pathogens such as coronavirus and rhinoviruses, according to Newsweek.

What are the symptoms of HMPV?

As with other flu-like illnesses, symptoms include fever, cough, and a stuffy, runny nose. In some cases, bronchitis or pneumonia may also occur. The duration of the illness depends on the severity of the symptoms.

How is the virus spread?

Droplet infection. Coughing and sneezing can therefore cause spread. Kisses too, by the way. Touching contaminated surfaces and then grabbing your mouth, nose, or ears can also lead to infection.

As always, washing your hands frequently with soap and water can be protective, as can staying away from sick people.

Worldwide, HPMV circulates seasonally, meaning more in late winter and spring, just like colds, although this can vary from place to place. According to data from the latest epidemiological bulletin from the Robert Koch Institute, the HPMV infection rate is currently very low in Germany. In this country, most respiratory infections are mainly caused by Sars-Cov-2 and rhinoviruses.

So why have cases increased in China?

There is an explanation here. It is possible that there is a catch-up effect of infections. Two to three age groups of newborns had not been in contact with pathogens due to confinements.

The return to normal has resulted in contact of several age groups at once. Basic immunization is therefore missing. It should be noted that further data is required.

(Translated and adapted by Chiara Lecca)

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