The harmful effects of polluted air on a daily basis are well identified for children: risks of prematurity, cardiovascular or respiratory disorders, brain tumors, etc. A meta-analysis of 40 studies carried out by Californian researchers confirms that Air pollution would also have a direct impact on brain maturation, and therefore, probably, on the psychological development of children. Numerous neuroimaging studies show an abnormally reduced volume of gray matter (the neurons, which notably constitute the cortex surrounding the brain), white matter (the extraordinarily complex circuits that connect neurons), and various subcortical regions. (i.e. under the cortex), all due at least partially to air pollution. Some research suggests a link between these abnormalities and reduced cognitive performance. The structure and functioning of the brain would therefore be affected, according to the conclusions drawn from neuroimaging, chemical analyzes or autopsies.
According to the researchers, air pollution measurements should be systematically included in future research on the health of children and adolescents. They also recommend equipping homes located in particularly polluted areas with air filters, and specifically financing them in schools near major roads. The 40 studies reviewed in this meta-analysis include observations from Asia, Australia, Mexico, Europe and the United States. Including, therefore, in regions that respect the environmental standards established by the European Union or the American Environmental Protection Agency. Standards which, in a word, are not enough…
Source
Anna M. Parenteau et al.« Clearing the air. A systematic review of studies on air pollution and childhood brain outcomes to mobilize policy change », Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, flight. 69, October 2024.
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