A solar power plant, floating at 36,000 km above the earth, could seem to be science fiction. However, China is actively working to materialize this project, which could transform our energy supply.
This project, of a magnitude comparable to that of the three gorges dam, aims to exploit solar energy in space, where sunshine is ten times more intense than on earth. The objective is to produce, in one year, a quantity d’energy equivalent to the world reserves of oil. Indeed, the production announced would be 100 billion kilowattheures each year.
An extraordinary solar power plant
The Chinese spatial solar power plant, of a width one kilometer, would be assembled in geostationary orbit. This position would allow continuous production of energy, without interruption due to day-free cycles or weather conditions. The energy collected would then be transmitted to the earth in the form of microwaves.
This system eliminates the limits of terrestrial solar power plants, such as the intermittent of production or the accumulation of dust on the panels. According to Chinese scientists, this technology could offer an almost unlimited source of energy.
A colossal technological project
The construction of such a power station will require dozens or even hundreds of launches to transport components in orbit. China is counting on its rocket Long Marche-9, capable of transporting up to 150 tonnes, to take up this challenge. This reusable rocket would reduce costs and name necessary missions.
-However, technical obstacles remain, in particular the effective transmission of energy to the earth. Significant losses could occur when converting microwaves into usable electricity. Tests, like those led by Caltech in 2023, show, however, that this technology is promising.
A project with geopolitical issues
China is not the only one interested in spatial solar energy. The United States, Japan andEurope also explore this path. These projects could redefine global energy balances, by offering a source of non -carbon and abundant energy.
For China, this project is part of a larger strategy aimed at strengthening its technological and energy positioning. It is also one more step towards decarbonation, a major objective in the face of climate emergency.
