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e-Financeira is a mandatory report that must be sent by several companies and financial institutions to the Federal Revenue Service. The main objective is to monitor financial transactions carried out by clients and ensure that they comply with tax legislation. This report contains detailed information about bank accounts, investments, income and other financial transactions.
Institutions that need to send e-Financeira include those authorized to offer private pension plans, such as individual retirement plans and life insurance. Also included are financial and payment institutions that manage prepaid or postpaid accounts, perform currency conversions, or accredit electronic transactions. Furthermore, any company involved in the custody or intermediation of third-party financial resources is included in the obligation.
The new rules related to PIX and credit cards determine that all transactions above R$5,000 carried out through these tools are monitored and reported. The limit is per CPF, which means that, even using different banks, the amounts will be accumulated and considered as part of a single daily limit. Likewise, transactions carried out by companies that exceed R$15,000 in a month must also be reported. The information is sent directly to the Federal Revenue Service, following the guidelines of the Central Bank, which regulates the operation of PIX and other financial instruments.
To send e-Financeira, companies must generate reports using their own systems. These documents must be digitally signed with a valid certificate and sent to the Public Digital Bookkeeping System (SPED) in XML format. The submission process is considered valid only after the Federal Revenue Service confirms receipt and validates the content of the report. Although the data is sent electronically, companies are still obliged to keep the physical or digital documents that gave rise to the information, for periods defined in the legislation.
The e-Financeira must be presented every six months. Information for the second semester must be sent by the last business day of February of the following year, while data for the first semester must be sent by the last business day of August of the same year. If submission is made after the deadline, with errors or omissions, companies will be subject to specific fines. These fines vary depending on the type of information omitted or incorrect, such as data protected by bank secrecy or general information.
The content of e-Financeira covers data such as account balances on the last day of the year, monthly accumulated income, transfers made between accounts held by the same owner and values of financial investments. It also includes information about foreign exchange transactions, such as buying and selling foreign currency and international transfers. In the case of consortiums, amounts paid, available credits and other movements related to quotas are reported.
Furthermore, from 2025 onwards, financial and payment institutions will have to detail more transactions, including those made through digital accounts and electronic currencies, reinforcing the obligations to report transactions above R$5,000 for individuals. These changes have already been confirmed by the Central Bank and the Federal Revenue Service and include new functionalities to monitor large transactions carried out via PIX, cards and international transfers.
The limits for mandatory declaration are important. For individuals, information must be sent if monthly balances or transactions exceed R$5,000.00. For legal entities, the limit is R$15,000.00. If these values are reached, the institution must report all movements, even those below the limits, from the month in which the value was exceeded. Additionally, transactions made with credit cards and amounts transferred on PIX also require monitoring and sending.
The confidentiality of information is guaranteed. The Federal Revenue Service does not allow the inclusion of data that can directly identify the origin or destination of the amounts transferred. Reporting institutions must strictly follow the layouts and guidance manuals established by the Revenue.
Finally, from 2025 onwards, the Declaration of Credit Card Operations (Decred) will be replaced by these new obligations, with greater detail on transactions, facilitating the crossing of tax information.
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