Senegal is preparing to turn an important page in its economic history. On December 19, 2024, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution marking its withdrawal from the category of Least Developed Countries (LDCs).
This decision, based on the recommendations of the Committee for Development Policy and validated by the Economic and Social Council in June 2024, represents a significant step forward in the development process of these two countries. It recognizes the constant efforts made in the field of development and provides for a transitional period of five years, aimed at guaranteeing a smooth and successful transition.
According to the UN, this decision is a “momentous event” which demonstrates Senegal’s significant progress in achieving its development objectives. This change in status reflects an economy in full transformation, driven by structural reforms, increased investments and better resource management.
A planned transition
The five-year transitional period will allow Senegal to finalize its graduation process while maintaining its ongoing development programs. Resolution 79/230 calls on the country to develop a national strategy in collaboration with the United Nations, as well as its bilateral and multilateral trade and development partners. This approach aims to minimize risks linked to persistent challenges, such as the effects of climate change, food and energy security, and market stability.
Senegal joins the short list of African countries having left LDCs, after Botswana (1994), Cape Verde (2007) and Equatorial Guinea (2017). These precedents show that this transition can open up new economic and diplomatic perspectives, provided it is accompanied by rigorous planning and appropriate international support.
-Worldwide recognition
The removal of a country from the list of LDCs symbolizes a major step forward towards long-term development goals. However, the United Nations General Assembly recalled that developing countries continue to face significant challenges. These obstacles include the lasting consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, ongoing conflicts and the worsening effects of climate change. These elements put increased pressure on LDCs, frequently putting progress made at risk.
Cambodia also benefits from a similar UN decision, with similar provisions for a smooth transition. This illustrates a global trend where several countries formerly classified as LDCs are achieving significant milestones in their socio-economic development.
The list of LDCs is reviewed every three years by the Committee for Development Policy (CPD), a group of independent experts that reports to the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Following a triennial review of the list, the CPD may recommend, in its report to ECOSOC, the addition or removal of countries from the list of LDCs.
Cheikh Gora DIOP
