Six things to know about prostate cancer in New Caledonia

Each year, prostate cancer affects around a hundred men in New Caledonia, but it remains poorly understood and too often detected late. This cancer, the third most common in the country, can be effectively treated when diagnosed early. However, the taboos surrounding screening hold back many Caledonians. Here's what you need to know to better prevent this disease and preserve your health.

1The prostate, a discreet but essential organ

Located just below the bladder, the prostate plays a key role in the male reproductive system, producing seminal fluid. With age, this organ can cause health problems, including cancer. The latter is the third most common cancer in New Caledonia, after those of the breast and lungs, as shown in this ranking of the most widespread cancers in the territory.

2A silent disease to be detected early

Prostate cancer often progresses without symptoms at first. This is why screening is essential to detect the disease before it progresses. Contrary to some preconceived ideas, early diagnosis allows light treatments and minimizes side effects.

3The importance of regular screening

In New Caledonia, awareness campaigns emphasize the need to be screened, especially from the age of 50 or from the age of 45 for people at risk (family history or specific ethnic origins). Doctors from medical-social centers in the Southern province regularly remind their patients of the importance of this preventive gesture.

4A taboo to overcome

Many men hesitate to consult, often for fear of a diagnosis or the side effects of treatments, such as sexual disorders. Yet ignoring the signals can be much riskier. Detected in time, the disease is effectively treated, with a survival rate of 93%.

5Adapted and effective treatments

Thanks to medical advances, treatments for prostate cancer are increasingly precise and minimally invasive. Depending on the stage of the disease, options such as robotic surgery, radiotherapy or active surveillance can limit the impact on quality of life.

6Prostate cancer is not the only male cancer

In addition to prostate cancer, other male cancers, although less common, deserve attention. THE penile cancerfor example, remains rare but can occur, particularly in men infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) or those with insufficient personal hygiene. THE testicular canceroften diagnosed in young adults, should also be monitored. These cancers require rapid screening as soon as unusual signs such as masses or pain appear. Prevention and consultation with a health professional remain essential to detect these diseases at an early stage.

A report by Erik Dufour and Nicolas Fasquel.

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