Oropouche virus is an arbovirus present in Latin America and the Caribbean. The virus is transmitted to humans by biting midges, Culicoides, but also mosquitoes of the genus Culex et Aedes, vectors of many tropical fevers (notably dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, Zika). The infection manifests itself, after an incubation period of 10 days, by non-specific clinical signs such as fever, headache, myalgia, nausea and vomiting and, more rarely, hemorrhagic syndromes and forms neuro-invasive (encephalitis, meningitis). In less severe cases, remission is expected in 7 to 10 days. Vertical mother-to-child transmission can cause malformations, spontaneous miscarriage or fetal death. Prevention is based on individual protection with the wearing of covering clothing, the use of mosquito nets impregnated with insecticides and the application, every 2 to 5 hours, of repellent products. Protection must be permanent throughout the day because mosquitoes Aedes are active during the day, culicoides experience a peak of activity at the end of the day and mosquitoes Culex usually bite at night. There is no vaccine, preventive or curative treatment against Oropouche. Treatment is based on symptomatic management. The National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis-Emerging Infectious Diseases considers that the Oropouche virus represents a threat not to be underestimated and that it is important to fill the gaps in understanding its epidemiology, its ecology , its pathogenesis and the risk of reassortment with other viruses.
Sources: national epidemic and biological risk operational coordination mission (Coreb), National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis-Emerging Infectious Diseases (ARNS-MIE)
Health
